高压柱塞泵摩擦副表面设计与固-液复合润滑技术研究进展

崔斌, 侯姗姗, 张瑞, 李畔畔, 刘晓红, 吉利, 李红轩

doi:10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2025.0063

材料保护 >

2025 , Vol. 58 >Issue 4: 90 - 102

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2025.0063

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高压柱塞泵摩擦副表面设计与固-液复合润滑技术研究进展

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¹中国航发北京航科发动机控制系统科技有限公司； ²中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所固体润滑国家重点实验室

刘晓红(1977－)，博士，博士生导师，正高级工程师，主要研究方向为表面防护和技术，电话: 0931－4968150，E-mail:xhliu＠licp.cas.cn

收稿日期: 2024-12-20

修回日期: 2025-01-15

录用日期: 2025-01-20

网络出版日期: 2025-05-23

基金资助

甘肃省科技重大专项项目(22ZD6GA002)

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Research Progress on Surface Design and Solid-Liquid Composite Lubrication Technology of Friction Pairs in High-Pressure Plunger Pumps

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(1.AECC Beijing Hangke Engine Control System Science and Technology Company Limited， Beijing 102200， China；2.State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication， Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics，Chinese Academy of Sciences， Lanzhou 730000， China)

LIU Xiaohong (1977－)，Ph.D.，Doctoral Supervisor，Professor，Research Focus:Surface Protection and Technology， Tel.: 0931－4968150，E-mail: xhliu＠licp.cas.cn

Received date: 2024-12-20

Revised date: 2025-01-15

Accepted date: 2025-01-20

Online published: 2025-05-23

Supported by

Key Science and Technology Program of Gansu Province(22ZD6GA002)

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摘要

柱塞泵是机械液压系统中最核心的动力部件之一，由于其转速高、压力高、传动效率高、变量机构方式多、功率密度大等优点，广泛地应用于航空航天、工程机械等领域。近年来，随着新一代高速化、高压化、智能化以及长寿命机械液压系统的发展，对柱塞泵自身安全性、稳定性以及可靠性等性能指标提出了更苛刻的适应性要求。柱塞泵的三大关键摩擦副(柱塞副、配流副和滑靴副)在高速高压条件下的摩擦磨损性能，是制约柱塞泵服役寿命的关键因素，决定了机械液压系统工作的稳定性与可靠性。本文首先介绍了柱塞泵的三大关键摩擦副的摩擦磨损问题以及润滑失效形式，然后总结了改善柱塞泵关键摩擦副摩擦磨损的表面处理技术并进行了比较，最后根据柱塞泵的服役工况和研究现状，提出了柱塞泵摩擦副润滑面向新一代机械设计需要解决的问题并进行了展望。

关键词： 柱塞泵; 摩擦副; 摩擦磨损; 失效形式; 表面润滑技术

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崔斌, 侯姗姗, 张瑞, 李畔畔, 刘晓红, 吉利, 李红轩 . 高压柱塞泵摩擦副表面设计与固-液复合润滑技术研究进展[J]. 材料保护, 2025 , 58(4) : 90 -102 . DOI: 10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2025.0063

Abstract

Plunger pumps， as one of the most critical power components in mechanical hydraulic systems， are widely used in aerospace， construction machinery and other fields due to their advantages of high rotational speed， high pressure， high transmission efficiency， diverse variable displacement mechanisms and high power density.In recent years， with the development of new-generation high-speed， high-pressure， intelligent and long-life mechanical hydraulic systems， more stringent adaptive requirements have been placed on the safety， stability and reliability of plunger pumps.The tribological performance of the three key friction pairs (plunger pair， valve assembly pair and slipper pair) of plunger pump under high-speed and high-pressure conditions is the critical factor limiting the service life of plunger pumps， determining the stability and reliability of mechanical hydraulic systems.This article first introduced the friction and wear problems of the three key friction pairs of plunger pumps and the forms of lubrication failure， and then summarized the surface treatment technologies for improving the friction and wear of the key friction pairs of plunger pumps and compared them.Finally， based on the service conditions and research status of plunger pumps， the issues that needed to be solved for the lubrication of plunger pump friction pairs in the new generation of mechanical design were proposed， and prospected these issues.

Key words： plunger pump; friction pair; friction and wear; failure mode; surface lubrication technology

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