Cr12MoV模具钢表面TiC-Ni60熔覆层的显微组织与耐磨性能研究

黄皓天, 田富强, 仝永刚, 胡永乐, 王开明, 张明军

doi:10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2025.0080

材料保护 >

2025 , Vol. 58 >Issue 5: 91 - 99

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2025.0080

激光表面改性技术专栏

Cr12MoV模具钢表面TiC-Ni60熔覆层的显微组织与耐磨性能研究

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长沙理工大学汽车与机械工程学院

仝永刚(1985－)，博士，副教授，研究方向为增材制造，电话:18175192496， E-mail:tongyonggang＿csust＠163.com

收稿日期: 2024-09-05

修回日期: 2024-10-10

录用日期: 2024-10-15

网络出版日期: 2025-06-10

基金资助

湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(23A0264)；湖南省自然科学基金(No.2023JJ30038； No.2025JJ20046)

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Microstructure and Wear Resistance of TiC-Ni60 Cladding Layer on Cr12MoV Die Steel

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(College of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering， Changsha University of Science and Technology， Changsha 410114， China)

TONG Yonggang(1985－)， Ph.D.， Associate Professor， Research Focus: Additive Manufacturing， Tel.:18175192496， E-mail:tongyonggang＿csust＠163.com

Received date: 2024-09-05

Revised date: 2024-10-10

Accepted date: 2024-10-15

Online published: 2025-06-10

Supported by

Hunan Provincial Department of Education Scientific Research Project(23A0264)； Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (No.2023JJ30038； No.2025JJ20046)

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摘要

为了提高冷作模具钢表面耐磨损性能，延长其服役寿命，引入硬质TiC 作为强化相，采用激光熔覆技术在Cr12MoV 冷作模具钢表面分别制备了Ni60 和TiC 强化Ni60 复合熔覆层，使用电子显微镜、球-盘式高温摩擦磨损试验机及超景深显微镜对比研究了熔覆层的显微组织结构与摩擦磨损性能。研究表明:TiC 陶瓷在激光熔覆过程中会熔解进入熔覆层熔池，在冷却过程中析出2 种不同尺度的TiC 强化相，细小的TiC 弥散分布在熔覆层中，有效抑制组织内部的晶粒粗化；粗大块状的TiC 团聚在一起，形成硬质相颗粒，2 种不同尺度的TiC 显著增强了熔覆层的硬度和耐磨性。 TiC 强化Ni60 复合熔覆层的平均显微硬度达到869.5 HV0.2，是Cr12MoV 冷作模具钢的2.03倍。因为不同尺度TiC 的强化有效阻止了磨粒的微切削作用，使得复合熔覆层具有更优异的摩擦磨损性能。 TiC的加入降低了复合熔覆层的摩擦系数，磨损体积较Cr12MoV 冷作模具钢减小约86.4%。复合熔覆层的磨损机制主要为磨粒磨损以及轻微的黏着磨损。

关键词： 激光熔覆; TiC 陶瓷粉末; 显微组织; 耐磨性能

本文引用格式

黄皓天, 田富强, 仝永刚, 胡永乐, 王开明, 张明军 . Cr12MoV模具钢表面TiC-Ni60熔覆层的显微组织与耐磨性能研究[J]. 材料保护, 2025 , 58(5) : 91 -99 . DOI: 10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2025.0080

Abstract

To improve the wear-resistant performance of cold work die steel and prolong its service life， hard TiC particles were introduced as reinforcing phases.Laser cladding technology was employed to fabricate both Ni60 and TiC-reinforced Ni60 composite cladding layers on Cr12MoV cold work die steel.Subsequently， the microstructure and friction and wear properties of the cladding layer were comparatively studied by scanning electron microscope，ball-disc high-temperature friction and wear testing machine and ultra-depth-of-field microscope.Results showed TiC ceramics melted into the molten pool of the cladding layer during the laser cladding process， and two different scales of TiC strengthening phases precipitated during the cooling process.The fine TiC phases were dispersed in the cladding layer， effectively inhibiting the grain coarsening within the microstructure， while the coarse blocky TiC aggregated together to form hard phase particles.The two different scales of TiC significantly enhanced the hardness and wear resistance of the cladding layer.The average microhardness of the TiC strengthened Ni60 composite cladding layer reached 869.5 HV0.2， which was 2.03 times that of Cr12MoV cold work die steel.The strengthening effect of TiC at different scales effectively prevented the micro-cutting action of abrasive particles，thereby enhancing the tribological performance of composite cladding layer.Furthermore， the addition of TiC reduced the friction coefficient of the composite cladding layer， and the wear volume decreased by approximately 86.4%compared with Cr12MoV cold work die steel.The wear mechanisms of the composite cladding layer were mainly abrasive wear and slight adhesive wear.

Key words： laser cladding; TiC ceramic powder; microstructure; wear resistance

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