初始紧固次数对螺栓连接结构松动行为影响研究

张家强, 乔燕, 孙健飞, 易洪文, 何滔, 刘建华, 朱旻昊

doi:10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2025.0086

材料保护 >

2025 , Vol. 58 >Issue 5: 146 - 152

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2025.0086

研究论文

初始紧固次数对螺栓连接结构松动行为影响研究

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1.中国铁路昆明局集团有限公司 2.中车南京浦镇车辆有限公司 3.西南交通大学材料先进技术教育部重点实验室

刘建华(1987－)，博士，副教授，研究方向为材料服役行为及安全评价，电话:13708188050，E-mail: jianhua－liu＠swjtu.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2024-10-08

修回日期: 2025-02-10

录用日期: 2025-02-12

网络出版日期: 2025-06-10

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(52075460； U2141212)；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2682022CX043)

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Study on the Influence of Initial Tightening Times on the Loosening Behavior of Bolt Connections

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(1.China Railway Kunming Group Co.， Ltd.， Kunming 654100， China；2.CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co.， Ltd.， Nanjing 210000， China；3.Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials of Ministry of Education， Southwest Jiaotong University， Chengdu 610031， China)

LIU Jianhua (1987－)，Ph.D.，Associate Professor，Research Focus:Material Service Behavior and Safety Evaluation， Tel.:13708188050， E-mail: jianhua-liu＠swjtu.edu.cn

Received date: 2024-10-08

Revised date: 2025-02-10

Accepted date: 2025-02-12

Online published: 2025-06-10

Supported by

National Natural Science Foundation of China (52075460； U2141212)； Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2682022CX043)

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摘要

针对机车转向架中螺纹孔内螺纹出现的脱扣、损坏问题，采用钢丝螺套修复孔内螺纹，并对修复后的螺栓连接结构进行松动试验研究。试验结束后，探究钢丝螺套修复螺纹孔的可行性。运用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜对不同紧固次数后的内螺纹表面进行损伤分析。结果表明:随着紧固次数的增加，螺纹孔内螺纹的损伤加剧，防松性能降低。螺纹表面的磨损机制主要是疲劳磨损、磨粒磨损，螺纹接触界面的微观滑移和微动磨损是螺栓连接结构松动的主要原因，钢丝螺套可以修复损伤的螺纹孔，使损伤的螺纹孔重复使用。

关键词： 螺纹连接; 紧固次数; 松动行为; 微动磨损; 钢丝螺套

本文引用格式

张家强, 乔燕, 孙健飞, 易洪文, 何滔, 刘建华, 朱旻昊 . 初始紧固次数对螺栓连接结构松动行为影响研究[J]. 材料保护, 2025 , 58(5) : 146 -152 . DOI: 10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2025.0086

Abstract

In response to thread stripping and damage in the locomotive-bogie threaded holes， wire thread inserts were applied to repair the internal threads， and the post-repair loosening behaviour of the bolted structures was investigated.After the experiment， the feasibility of using wire thread inserts to repair damaged threaded holes was explored.Optical microscopy(OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to analyze surface damage in the internal threads after different tightening times.Results showed that damage to the internal threads intensified and anti-loosening performance deteriorated as the number of tightening times increased.Fatigue wear and abrasive wear were identified as the main wear mechanisms on the thread surface.Micro-sliding and fretting at the thread contact interface were identified as the primary causes of bolt-connection loosening.Damaged threaded holes were repaired with wire thread inserts， enabling their continued reuse.

Key words： threaded connections; tightening times; loosening behavior; fretting wear; wire thread inserts

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