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基于正交试验制备(NixSi+C)/Cu复合材料的冶金工艺优化研究

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  • 1.陕西铁路工程职业技术学院铁道装备制造学院,陕西 渭南 714099;2.西安理工大学陕西省电工材料与熔渗技术重点实验室,陕西 西安 710048
秦 岚(1994-),硕士,主要研究方向为Cu/Ti 基复合材料制备及性能,E-mail:1249195447@qq.com

收稿日期: 2022-09-01

  修回日期: 2022-10-01

  录用日期: 2022-10-26

  网络出版日期: 2023-08-11

基金资助

陕西省教育厅重点研究项目(22JK0330);渭南市科技重点研发项目(ZDYF-GYGG-70);陕铁院校级自然科学基金资助项目(KY2021-07);特种材料研究及应用技术开发创新团队培育计划(KJTD202002)

Optimization of the Metallurgical Process of (NixSi+C)/Cu Composite Materials Based on Orthogonal Test

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  • 1.School of Railway Equipment Manufacturing,Shaanxi Railway Institute,Weinan 714099,China;2.Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Electrical Materials and Fusion Technology,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,China

Received date: 2022-09-01

  Revised date: 2022-10-01

  Accepted date: 2022-10-26

  Online published: 2023-08-11

摘要

为优化制备(NixSi+C)/Cu 复合材料粉末冶金的工艺参数,设计正交试验,分别研究了混料方式、烧结温度及烧结时间对(NixSi+C)/Cu 复合材料微观组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明:过低的混粉能量导致SiC 不能均匀分散,反应后制备的复合材料中粉末边界处存在未反应完全的SiC 颗粒;过高的混粉能量导致粉末发生严重变形,加大烧结过程中元素的扩散能力,反应后制备的复合材料中粉末边界处Ni3Si 和C 的混合物呈完整的网状结构;烧结温度的提高和烧结时间的增长,均造成所制备的复合材料粉末边界处析出的Ni3Si 数量增加和材料的致密度提高。除此之外,导电率和硬度均呈上升趋势。获得具有最佳导电率和硬度的(NixSi+C)/Cu 复合材料的冶金制备工艺参数组合为:振动混粉,球料比为1 ∶5 的混料工艺,烧结温度950 ℃,烧结时间120 min。在该工艺条件下,验证了试样的致密度、导电率和维氏硬度,验证结果均大于正交试验所有的试样,为后续制备性能优异的(NixSi+C)/Cu 复合材料提供了重要的理论和实践参考依据。

本文引用格式

秦岚, 贾磊, 杨明芳, 王文杰, 姜丽萍 . 基于正交试验制备(NixSi+C)/Cu复合材料的冶金工艺优化研究[J]. 材料保护, 2023 , 56(2) : 77 -86 . DOI: 10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2022.2002

Abstract

In order to optimize the parameters of the powder metallurgy process of (NixSi+C)/Cu composite materials,orthogonal tests were designed to study the effects of mixing method,sintering temperature and sintering time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of(NixSi+C)/Cu composite materials.Results showed that a low mixing energy would lead to an uneven dispersion of SiC particles,and SiC particles that didn’t take part in the reaction would remain at the boundary of the powders in the composite prepared;a high mixing energy would lead to serious deformation of the powders and increase the diffusion ability of the elements in the sintering process,making the mixture of Ni3Si and C at the boundary of the powder in the composite prepared after the reaction show a complete network structure.The increase of sintering temperature and sintering time would result in an increase of the amount of Ni3Si precipitated at the boundary of powders in the composite and an increase of the density of the composite.In addition,the conductivity and hardness showed an increasing trend.The parameter combination of the metallurgical preparation process of (NixSi+C)/Cu composite materials that could obtain the best conductivity and hardness was as follows:a vibration mixing,a pellet ratio of 1 ∶5,a sintering temperature of 950 ℃and a sintering time of 120 min.Under these conditions,the density,conductivity and Vickers hardness of the samples were verified,and the verification results were all higher than those of the samples in the orthogonal tests,which would provide an important theoretical and practical reference for the subsequent preparation of(NixSi+C)/Cu composite materials with excellent properties.

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