水蒸气含量和预氧化对金属材料高温腐蚀性能影响的研究进展

吴多利, 刘 苏, 郑家银, 袁子毅, 曹 攀, 魏新龙, 张 超

doi:10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2022.0184

材料保护 >

2022 , Vol. 55 >Issue 7: 49 - 65

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2022.0184

高温腐蚀防护专栏

水蒸气含量和预氧化对金属材料高温腐蚀性能影响的研究进展

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扬州大学机械工程学院，江苏扬州 225127

张超(1981-)，教授, 博士，研究方向为热喷涂结构与功能涂层， E - mail：zhangc@yzu.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2022-02-17

修回日期: 2022-03-03

录用日期: 2022-03-31

网络出版日期: 2023-12-15

基金资助

国家自然科学基金(52101100)；江苏省高校自然科学研究面上项目(21KJB430008)；江苏省杰出青年基金(BK20211548)资助

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Research Progress on the Effect of Water Vapor Content and Pre - Oxidation on High Temperature Corrosion Properties of Metal Materials

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College of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China

Received date: 2022-02-17

Revised date: 2022-03-03

Accepted date: 2022-03-31

Online published: 2023-12-15

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摘要

高温腐蚀普遍存在于机械部件工作环境，深入研究影响金属材料高温腐蚀性能因素，具有很重要的实际意义。概述了影响高温腐蚀的宏观因素和微观因素及主要应对措施，总结了高温腐蚀的机理，重点分析了水蒸气(湿度)对高温腐蚀的影响及预氧化对高温腐蚀的改善。总结了存在水蒸气的环境中高温腐蚀的机理；通过大量的文献归纳研究发现，在绝大部分情况下，水蒸气含量越高，材料的氧化层剥落越严重，腐蚀速率越快；但是，也有少量文献报道，在含有水蒸气的气氛中，腐蚀速率降低，耐腐蚀性能得到提高。此外，当材料中添加某些特殊元素如 Pt、Y、Hf 等后，其对水蒸气加速的腐蚀有一定的减缓作用。在诸多提升材料抗高温腐蚀性能的方法中，预氧化可以提前在材料表面形成氧化层，对提高材料的抗高温腐蚀性能有明显的效果，分析了预氧化时间、温度和气氛对材料抗高温腐蚀性能的影响规律。

关键词： 高温腐蚀; 水蒸气; 预氧化; 温度; 气氛

本文引用格式

吴多利, 刘苏, 郑家银, 袁子毅, 曹攀, 魏新龙, 张超 . 水蒸气含量和预氧化对金属材料高温腐蚀性能影响的研究进展[J]. 材料保护, 2022 , 55(7) : 49 -65 . DOI: 10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2022.0184

Abstract

As high temperature corrosion of metel materials is common in the working environment of mechanical parts, it is of great practical significance to study the factors influencing the high temperature corrosion properties of metal materials. In this work, the macroscopic and microscopic factors affecting high temperature corrosion and the main countermeasures were reviewed and the mechanism of high temperature corrosion was summarized. The influence of water vapor (humidity) as well as the inhibition effect of pre - oxidation on high temperature corrosion were emphatically analyzed and the mechanism of high temperature corrosion in the environments containing water vapor was summarized. Based on the inductive research of a large number of literatures, it was revealed that in most cases the severity of spalling condition of the oxidation layer and the corrosion rate increased with the rise of the water vapor content. However, a few literatures reported that in the atmosphere containing water vapor, the corrosion rate was reduced and the corrosion resistance was improved. In addition, some special elements such as Pt, Y and Hf added into the material had a certain mitigation effect on the corrosion accelerated by water vapor. The pre - oxidation could form oxide layer on the surface of materials in advance and had an obvious effect on improving the anti - high - temperature corrosion properties of materials. This distinguished the pre-oxidation from viarous other methods uesd for the same purpose. In addition, the influencing rules of pre - oxidation duration, temperature and atmosphere on the anti - high - temperature corrosion properties were analyzed.

Key words： high temperature corrosion; water vapor; pre-oxidation; temperature; atmosphere

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