为提高Inconel 718合金的表面硬度和高温摩擦磨损性能,采用多弧离子镀技术在其表面制备CrAlN/CrN涂层。使用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、扫描电镜(SEM)、纳米压痕仪和划痕仪等对涂层的微观结构、力学性能进行分析表征。使用UMT摩擦磨损试验机测试涂层在室温、350 ℃和650 ℃下的摩擦性能,并对磨痕的形貌特征、元素分布和物相进行分析,分析涂层在不同温度下的摩擦磨损机制。结果表明:纳米多层CrAlN/CrN涂层微观结构致密,主要由fcc-CrN相组成,择优取向为(200)晶面;CrAlN/CrN涂层在Inconel 718合金表面具有良好的力学性能,其硬度和结合力分别为(29.3±1.2) GPa和70.4 N;涂层在室温和350 ℃下具有优异的耐磨性,磨损率分别低至1.5×10-6 mm3/(N·m)和1.7×10-6 mm3/(N·m),主导的磨损机制分别为磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损;650 ℃时涂层达到最低摩擦系数(0.33),但磨损率有所升高,主要表现为磨粒磨损。
For improving the surface hardness and high temperature friction wear properties of Inconel 718 alloy, CrAlN/CrN coating was prepared on the alloy surface by multi-arc ion plating technique. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the coating were analyzed and characterized using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nanoindentation and scratching instruments. In addition, the friction properties of the coating were tested at room temperature, 350 ℃ and 650 °C using a UMT friction and wear tester, and the morphological characteristics, elemental distribution and physical phases of the wear marks were analyzed to discuss the friction and wear mechanisms of coatings at different temperatures. Results showed that the nano-multilayer CrAlN/CrN coating with dense microstructure was mainly composed of face-centered cubic CrN phase, which presented a selective orientation of (200) crystal plane. The CrAlN/CrN coating had good mechanical properties on the surface of Inconel 718 alloy with hardness and bonding force of (29.3±1.2) GPa and 70.4 N, respectively. Meanwhile, the coating had excellent wear resistance at room temperature and 350 ℃, with wear rates as low as 1.5×10-6 mm3/(N·m) and 1.7×10-6 mm3/(N·m), respectively, and the dominant wear mechanisms were abrasive wear and fatigue wear respectively. At 650 ℃, the coating reached the lowest coefficient of friction (0.33), but the wear rate increased, mainly in the form of abrasive wear.
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