为提升TB10钛合金的抗生物污损能力，采用冷喷涂技术在钛合金表面制备铜(Cu)、铜 - 银(Cu - Ag)涂层，其中Cu - Ag涂层的粉体中，银的质量分数为10%。使用X射线衍射技术检测涂层的物相组成；通过分光光度计测试550 nm处的吸光度表征溶液中硫酸盐还原菌的生长趋势；通过扫描电镜观察在硫酸盐还原菌培养液中浸泡3，7，12 d后涂层试样的表面形貌，评价涂层的抗生物污损能力；通过电化学工作站测试试样在模拟海水中的极化曲线表征涂层耐蚀能力。结果显示：在浸泡实验中，钛合金表面吸附的细菌最多，含有Cu、Cu - Ag涂层的试样都具有一定的抗生物污损能力，Cu - Ag涂层的抗生物污损能力最强。银的加入促进了细菌的破裂、死亡。Cu及Cu - Ag涂层、TB10基体试样自腐蚀电位分别为-300.0，-209.1，-144.9 mV，自腐蚀电流密度分别为4.16×10-5，1.81×10-5，1.55×10-7 A/cm2。制备有Cu、Cu - Ag涂层的试样相较于钛合金基体腐蚀电位较低，腐蚀电流较大，具有一定阳极保护基体作用。封孔处理后，制备有涂层的试样耐蚀性提升，腐蚀电流密度降低了2个数量级。在钛合金表面通过冷喷涂制备Cu、Cu - Ag涂层，提升了钛合金的抗生物污损能力。银可在材料表面生成一层高活性杀菌离子层，使抑菌作用持续有效，并可通过封孔提升涂层的耐久性。
For improving the biological fouling resistance of TB10 titanium alloy, copper (Cu) and copper - silver (Cu - Ag) coatings were prepared on its surface by cold spraying. The mass fraction of silver in the powder used for manufacturing Cu - Ag coating was 10%. The phase composition of the coatings was detected by X - ray diffraction. The growth trend of sulfate - reducing bacteria in the solution was characterized by using a spectrophotometer to measure the absorbance at 550 nm. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the surface morphology of the coatings immersed in the culture medium of sulfate - reducing bacteria for 3, 7 and 12 days for the purpose of evaluating the biological fouling resistance of the coatings. In addition, the polarization curve of the samples in simulated seawater was tested by electrochemical workstation in order to characterize the corrosion resistance of the coatings. Results showed that in the immersion experiment, the number of bacteria adsorbed on the surface of titanium alloy was the largest, and the samples with Cu and Cu - Ag coatings possessed a certain biologic fouling resistance. The Cu - Ag coating had the best biological fouling resistance as the addition of silver promoted the rupture and death of bacteria. Furthermore, the corrosion potentials of the samples of Cu coating, Cu - Ag coating and original TB10 alloy were -300.0, -209.1 and -144.9 mV, and their self - corrosion current densities were 4.16×10-5, 1.81×10-5 and 1.55×10-7 A/cm2 respectively. Comparing with the original titanium alloy, the samples covered with Cu coating and Cu - Ag coating possessed lower corrosion potential and higher corrosion current density, indicating that the coatings could provided some anodic protection on the substrate. After the sealing treatment, the corrosion resistance of coated samples was improved, and the corrosion current density decreased by 2 orders of magnitude. Generally, Cu and Cu - Ag coatings prepared by cold spraying on the titanium alloy surface improved the biological fouling resistance of the titanium alloy. Besides, silver could generate a highly active bactericidal ion layer on the surface, making the antibacterial effect sustained and effective. Furthermore, the durability of the coating could be improved by sealing treatment.
