特种不锈钢电化学加工的电解液配方和加工参数研究

李博, 魏同学, 王岗, 杨森

doi:10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2022.0287

材料保护 >

2022 , Vol. 55 >Issue 10: 130 - 134

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2022.0287

工艺探讨

特种不锈钢电化学加工的电解液配方和加工参数研究

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(1.西安工程大学工程训练中心，陕西西安 710600；2.西安工业大学机电工程学院，陕西西安 710021)

李博(1988-)，硕士,工程师，主要研究方向为电化学、特种加工等，电话：18710851578，E-mail：18710851578@163.com

收稿日期: 2022-04-05

修回日期: 2022-05-09

录用日期: 2022-05-31

网络出版日期: 2023-12-23

基金资助

陕西省教育厅自然科学一般专项科学研究计划(21JK0656)；2022中国纺织工业联合会科技指导性计划项目(2022068)资助

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Research on Electrolyte Formula and Processing Parameters for Electrochemical Machining of Special Stainless Steels

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(1.Engineering Training Center,Xi’an Polytechnic University,Xi’an 710600,China;2.School of Mechatronic Engineering,Xi’an Technological University,Xi’an 710021,China)

Received date: 2022-04-05

Revised date: 2022-05-09

Accepted date: 2022-05-31

Online published: 2023-12-23

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摘要

电化学加工特种不锈钢,加工表面易形成钝化膜,致使加工困难,同时非加工表面又容易形成点蚀而影响表面质量。如何提高加工表面的质量一直是航空航天行业以及其它机械行业迫切需要解决的问题。从材料的成分和组织分析了该材料难电解的原因，以NaNO3和NaClO3为基，加入某些活性成分，进行了复合电解液配方的研制，探讨了电压、进给速度对加工材料去除率，侧向间隙的影响，给出了解决该种难加工材料的电解液配方和适宜的工艺参数。研究结果表明：在10%NaCl+6%NaNO3+2% NaClO3的复合电解液中，在电压为14 V，进给速度为3.0 mm/min，电解液压力为0.6 MPa的工况下，对特种不锈钢能获得很好的表面加工质量，表面粗糙度Ra值可达到0.38 μm。

关键词： 表面质量; 电化学加工; 特种不锈钢; 电解液; 工艺参数

本文引用格式

李博, 魏同学, 王岗, 杨森 . 特种不锈钢电化学加工的电解液配方和加工参数研究[J]. 材料保护, 2022 , 55(10) : 130 -134 . DOI: 10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2022.0287

Abstract

In case of electrochemical machining of special stainless steels,a passivation film is easy to form on the machining surface,which can lead to machining difficulties.Meanwhile,the pitting corrosion is easy to occur on the non-machining surface,which can result in an reduction of surface quality.So,how to improve the quality of the machining surface has always been an urgent problem in aerospace and other mechanical industries.In this paper,the reasons for machining difficulties of this material were analyzed based on its composition and mirostructure.The composite electrolyte formula was developed with NaNO3 and NaClO3 as the base and some active ingredients as additives,the influences of the voltage and feed speed on material removal rate and lateral clearance were discussed.Finally,the electrolyte formula and appropriate process parameters for this kind of difficult-to-machine material were given.Results showed that in the composite electrolyte of 10% NaCl + 6% NaNO3 + 2% NaClO3,under the working condition of a voltage of 14 V,a feed speed of 3.0 mm/min and an electrolyte pressure of 0.6 MPa,the special stainless steel obtained good surface processing quality,and the surface roughness Ra was up to 0.38 μm.

Key words： surface quality; electrochemical machining; special stainless steel; electrolyte; process parameters

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