喷涂及激光熔覆制备难熔金属涂层的研究现状

崔烺; 王守勇; 尹飞; 冯胜强; 刘光; 贾利

doi:10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2023.0119

材料保护 >

2023 , Vol. 56 >Issue 5: 153 - 163

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2023.0119

综述

喷涂及激光熔覆制备难熔金属涂层的研究现状

崔烺 ,
王守勇 ,
尹飞 ,
冯胜强 ,
刘光 ,
贾利

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1.中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院,浙江宁波 315103;
2.陆军装备部驻南京地区军事代表局驻烟台地区军事代表室,山东烟台 264000

崔烺(1989-),副研究员,主要研究方向为热/冷喷涂技术,E-mail:cuilxa0410@126.com

收稿日期: 2022-11-27

修回日期: 2022-12-24

录用日期: 2023-01-14

网络出版日期: 2023-07-14

基金资助

宁波市科技创新2025重大专项(2020Z097);宁波市自然科学基金(2019A610173)资助

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Research Status of Refractory Metal Coatings Prepared by Spraying and Laser Cladding

CUI Lang ,
WANG Shou-yong ,
YIN Fei ,
FENG Sheng-qiang ,
LIU Guang ,
JIA Li

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1. Ningbo Branch of Chinese Academy of Ordnance Science, Ningbo 315103, China;
2. Yantai Office of Military Representative Office of the Army Equipment Department in Nanjing, Yantai 264000, China

Received date: 2022-11-27

Revised date: 2022-12-24

Accepted date: 2023-01-14

Online published: 2023-07-14

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摘要

钼、钽、钨、铌及其合金等难熔金属具有高熔点、良好的高温性能等特点,在防护领域发挥重大作用,但其成本高,且由于熔点高、导热低、脆性大导致其加工比较困难。通过特定工艺在基体表面制备难熔金属涂层,可以在不改变基体性能的基础上使其具有难熔金属优良的力学性能、高温性能,且能够有效降低制造成本,对于装备表面防护具有重大的研究价值。鉴于难熔金属涂层在制造业中发挥着越来越重要的作用,首先介绍了钼、钽、钨、铌等难熔金属涂层的等离子喷涂、爆炸喷涂、激光熔覆及冷喷涂制备技术,总结了各工艺特点。在此基础上,分析对比了不同工艺制备难熔金属涂层的微观组织及性能,归纳了从涂层材料成分及结构、工艺参数及后处理3个方面做出的改进进展。最后对难熔金属涂层制备技术发展尚存的问题与发展方向进行了展望。

关键词： 难熔金属; 涂层; 热喷涂; 激光熔覆; 冷喷涂

本文引用格式

崔烺 , 王守勇 , 尹飞 , 冯胜强 , 刘光 , 贾利 . 喷涂及激光熔覆制备难熔金属涂层的研究现状[J]. 材料保护, 2023 , 56(5) : 153 -163 . DOI: 10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2023.0119

Abstract

Refractory metals such as molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten, niobium and their alloys have the characteristics of high melting point and good high temperature performance, which play a major role in the field of protection. However, due to their high cost, high melting point, low thermal conductivity and high brittleness, their processing is relatively difficult. By using specific processes to prepare refractory metal coatings on the substrate surface to achieve excellent mechanical properties and high-temperature performance of refractory metals without changing the substrate properties, and effectively reduce manufacturing costs, which has significant research value for equipment surface protection. Because the refractory metal coatings play an increasingly important role in the manufacturing industry, the plasma spraying, explosive spraying, laser cladding and cold spraying preparation technology of molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten, niobium and other refractory metal coatings were introduced firstly, and the characteristics of each process were summarized. On this basis, the microstructure and properties of refractory metal coatings prepared by different processes were analyzed and compared, and the improvement progress was summarized from three aspects of coating material composition and structure, process parameters and post-treatment. Finally, the existing problems and development directions of the refractory metal coating preparation technology were prospected.

Key words： refractory metals; coatings; thermal spraying; laser cladding; cold spraying

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