锌铝离子对304L不锈钢在高温水环境中形成的氧化膜性质的影响

李文腾, 张胜寒, 焦洋

doi:10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2023.0084

材料保护 >

2023 , Vol. 56 >Issue 4: 59 - 67

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2023.0084

试验研究

锌铝离子对304L不锈钢在高温水环境中形成的氧化膜性质的影响

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¹华北电力大学(保定)环境科学与工程系； ²中核四〇四有限公司

张胜寒(1962-)，博士，教授，主要研究方向为金属腐蚀与防护，电话:0312-7525519，E-mail:shenghan_zhang＠126.com

收稿日期: 2022-10-23

修回日期: 2022-11-23

录用日期: 2022-12-14

网络出版日期: 2023-08-03

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Effect of Zinc and Aluminum Ions on the Properties of the Oxide Film Formed on 304L Stainless Steel in High Temperature Water

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(1.Department of Environmental Science and Engineering，North China Electric Power University，Baoding 071003，China；2.China Nuclear 404 Co.，Ltd.，Lanzhou 732850，Gansu)

Received date: 2022-10-23

Revised date: 2022-11-23

Accepted date: 2022-12-14

Online published: 2023-08-03

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摘要

为明确304L 不锈钢在核电站一回路中的腐蚀机理，将304L 不锈钢浸泡在290 ℃的含不同浓度锌铝离子的模拟核电站第一回路水环境溶液中168 h 使其表面形成氧化膜，并对形成氧化膜的试样进行动电位扫描、交流阻抗谱测试、Mott-Schottky 曲线测试和光电化学测试，得到氧化膜的极化曲线、电化学参数、半导体类型、平带电位、载流子浓度、禁带电位及物相组成。结果表明:锌铝离子的同时添加可明显降低304L 不锈钢的腐蚀速率，模拟溶液中的锌离子浓度为40 μg/L，铝离子浓度为90 μg/L 时，304L 不锈钢表面形成的氧化膜的腐蚀电流密度最小，此时304L 不锈钢表面氧化膜的耐蚀性最佳；相比于核电站一回路单独注入锌离子金属的氧化膜，该条件下304L不锈钢的氧化膜均呈现双层结构，其半导体类型为n 型，平带电位负移，载流子浓度降低。与未加入锌铝离子的条件下形成的氧化膜相比，304L 不锈钢在同时加入锌铝离子的条件下形成的氧化膜的物相组成中多了ZnAl2O4和α-FeOOH两相，因此向高温高压状态下的模拟溶液中添加锌铝离子能够有效增加304L 不锈钢的耐腐蚀性。

关键词： 304L 不锈钢; 高温水环境; 氧化膜; 腐蚀电流密度; 载流子浓度; 禁带电位

本文引用格式

李文腾, 张胜寒, 焦洋 . 锌铝离子对304L不锈钢在高温水环境中形成的氧化膜性质的影响[J]. 材料保护, 2023 , 56(4) : 59 -67 . DOI: 10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2023.0084

Abstract

To clarify the corrosion mechanism of 304L stainless steel in the first circuit of nuclear power plant，304L stainless steel was immersed in a solution simulating the water environment in the first circuit of nuclear power plant which contained different concentrations of zinc and aluminum ions for 168 hours at 290 ℃to form an oxide film on its surface.Then，the resulting oxide film was tested by means of potentiodynamic scanning，AC impedance spectrum test，Mott-Schottky curve test and photo-electrochemical test，and the polarization curves，electrochemical parameters，semiconductor type，flat band potential，carrier concentration，band gap potential and phase composition of the oxide film were obtained.Results showed that the simultaneous addition of zinc and aluminum ions could significantly reduce the corrosion rate of 304L stainless steel.When the concentration of Zn ion was 40 μg/L and the concentration of Al ion was 90 μg/L，the corrosion current density of the oxide film formed on the surface of 304L stainless steel was the smallest，and the corrosion resistance of the oxide film was the best.Compared to the oxide film formed with the injection of zinc ion alone into the first circuit of a nuclear power plant，the film on the surface of 304L stainless steel showed a double-layer structure，its semiconductor type was n-type，the flat band potential shifted negatively，and the carrier concentration decreased.Compared to the oxide film formed without the addition of zinc and aluminum ions，two more phases of ZnAl2O4 and α-FeOOH emerged in the phase composition of the oxide film.Therefore，adding zinc and aluminum ions to the simulated solution under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions could effectively increase the corrosion resistance of 304L stainless steel.

Key words： 304L stainless steel; high temperature water environment; oxide film; corrosion current density; carrier concentration; band gap potential

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