镀锌超高强度钢板中镀层裂纹的研究进展

尹浩, 彭玉春, 黎小洲

doi:10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2024.0207

材料保护 >

2024 , Vol. 57 >Issue 9: 107 - 116

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2024.0207

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镀锌超高强度钢板中镀层裂纹的研究进展

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¹江苏大学机械工程学院； ²温州大学机电工程学院

彭玉春(1990-)，博士研究生，主要研究方向为精密成形、高温摩擦等，电话:15868723076，E-mail:1010202803＠qq.com

收稿日期: 2024-03-07

修回日期: 2024-07-25

录用日期: 2024-07-29

网络出版日期: 2024-11-14

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Research Progress on Coating Cracks in Galvanized Ultra-High Strength Steel Plates

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(1.School of Mechanical Engineering， Jiangsu University， Zhenjiang 212013， China；2.School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering， Wenzhou University， Wenzhou 325035， China)

PENG Yuchun(1990-)，Ph.D.Candidate，Research Focus:Precision Forming，High Temperature Friction，Tel.:15868723076， E-mail: 1010202803＠qq.com

Received date: 2024-03-07

Revised date: 2024-07-25

Accepted date: 2024-07-29

Online published: 2024-11-14

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摘要

锌镀层在车用超高强钢热冲压防护中具有保护钢板基体免受氧化及脱碳，并为零件提供良好的阴极保护性能和焊接性能的重要作用。在镀锌超高强钢板热冲压中，基体与镀层间元素相互扩散并在镀层中发生相变产生脆性相(Г 相)，促使镀层中微裂纹的产生并诱发扩展至基体的宏观裂纹，导致零件使用寿命大幅度衰减。因此，锌镀超高强钢板层在拥有良好保护性能和使用性能的前提下，还需在热冲压过程中避免镀层裂纹的产生。针对镀锌层微裂纹和宏观裂纹产生原因进行了介绍，综述了热冲压温度(加热温度，初始热冲压温度)和加热时间、钢板形变和钢板基体因素对镀层裂纹的影响，重点讨论了提高零件性能和抑制镀层裂纹所需工艺的矛盾点，阐述了摩擦因素对镀层裂纹和成形性能的影响，总结了抑制镀层裂纹的措施。最后，从零件应力、塑性变形和钢板基体改性3个方面展望了未来抑制锌基镀层裂纹的发展方向。

关键词： 锌基镀层; 热冲压; 裂纹; 尺寸特征; 产生机理

本文引用格式

尹浩, 彭玉春, 黎小洲 . 镀锌超高强度钢板中镀层裂纹的研究进展[J]. 材料保护, 2024 , 57(9) : 107 -116 . DOI: 10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2024.0207

Abstract

The zinc coating plays a crucial role in protecting the steel plate substrate from oxidation and decarburization in the hot stamping protection of ultra-high strength steel for vehicles， and provides good cathodic protection and welding performance for parts.In the hot stamping of galvanized ultra-high strength steel plates， the diffusion of elements between the substrate and the coating and the generation of brittle phases(Г-phase) from the phase transformation in the coating contributed to the generation of micro-cracks in the coating and induced macroscopic cracks that extended to the substrate， resulting in a significant deterioration of the service life of the parts.Therefore， while ensuring that the galvanized ultra-high strength steel plate layer offers good protective and performance characteristics， it is essential to prevent the formation of coating cracks during the hot stamping process.The causes of microcracks and macrocracks in the galvanized layer were introduced， and the effects of hot stamping temperature (heating temperature，initial hot stamping temperature) and heating time，steel plate deformation，and steel plate substrate on the coating cracks were summarized.The contradiction points of the process required to improve the performance of the parts and inhibit the coating cracks were discussed with emphasis.The effects of friction factors on the coating cracks and forming properties were described， and the measures to inhibit the coating cracks were summarized.Finally， the development directions for inhibiting zinc-based coating cracks in the future were prospected from three aspects: the stress on the parts， the plastic deformation and the modification of the steel plate substrate.

Key words： zinc-based coating; hot stamping; crack; dimensional characteristic; generation mechanism

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