Q235钢和热镀锌钢在棕壤土环境中的腐蚀行为研究

姚鑫, 陈昊, 周学杰, 王靖羽, 余建飞, 张明, 吴军, 陈志坚

doi:10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2024.0225

材料保护 >

2024 , Vol. 57 >Issue 10: 59 - 67

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2024.0225

研究篇

Q235钢和热镀锌钢在棕壤土环境中的腐蚀行为研究

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¹湖北华中电力科技开发有限责任公司； ²中国机械总院集团武汉材料保护研究所有限公司； ³国网湖北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院

陈昊(1996-)，工程师，主要研究材料环境腐蚀，电话:13871541540，E-mail:chendex11＠163.com；姚鑫(1985-)，工程师，主要研究电力工业，电话:18827346436，E-mail: 181626737＠qq.com

收稿日期: 2023-11-05

修回日期: 2024-03-21

录用日期: 2024-03-22

网络出版日期: 2024-12-20

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Corrosion Behavior of Q235 Steel and Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel in Brown Soil Environment

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(1.Hubei Huazhong Electric Power Technology Development Co.， Wuhan 430030， China；2.China Academy of Machinery Wuhan Research Institute of Materials Protection Co.， Ltd.， Wuhan 430030， China；3.State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co.， Ltd.， Electric Power Scientific Research Institute， Wuhan 430077， China)

CHEN Hao (1996-)， Engineer， Research Focus:Corrosion and Protection of Materials， Tel.:13871541540，E-mail: chendex11＠163.com；YAO Xin(1985-)，Engineer，Research Focus:Electric Power Industry，Tel:18827346436，E-mail:181626737＠qq.com

Received date: 2023-11-05

Revised date: 2024-03-21

Accepted date: 2024-03-22

Online published: 2024-12-20

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摘要

为研究接地网设备常用金属材料Q235 钢和热镀锌钢在棕壤土环境中的初期土壤腐蚀行为，在湖北襄阳地区选取东津、乔营站内外共4 个土壤腐蚀实验点进行实验，采用宏观形貌分析、微观形貌分析、腐蚀产物分析和电化学测试等手段进行试样分析。形貌分析结果表明，襄阳土壤环境中碳钢试样腐蚀1 a 后表面为非均匀腐蚀，可见明显的麻坑状腐蚀坑，镀锌钢材料未见明显红锈且表面镀锌层未被破坏。腐蚀产物分析表明，襄阳地区棕壤土为高含水率的碱性土壤，Q235 钢土壤埋地试样1 a 后表面锈层的主要成分铁氧化物和微量的SiO2，镀锌钢表面腐蚀产物主要为锌氧化物和微量SiO2。腐蚀速率与土壤理化性质相关性分析结果表明，在襄阳土壤环境中，2 种试样土壤腐蚀速率与土壤理化性质均呈正相关，其中土壤pH 值对土壤腐蚀速率影响最为显著。电化学结果表明，镀锌钢表面镀锌层为基材提供良好的保护性，镀锌钢的腐蚀电流密度较Q235 钢小1 ～2 个数量级。综上，在襄阳地区棕壤土环境中镀锌钢材料较Q235 钢材料表现出更为优异的耐蚀性，值得注意的是，该地区土壤pH 值显著影响镀锌钢材料的土壤腐蚀速率。

关键词： Q235 钢; 热镀锌钢; 腐蚀产物; 土壤腐蚀; 电化学测试

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姚鑫, 陈昊, 周学杰, 王靖羽, 余建飞, 张明, 吴军, 陈志坚 . Q235钢和热镀锌钢在棕壤土环境中的腐蚀行为研究[J]. 材料保护, 2024 , 57(10) : 59 -67 . DOI: 10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2024.0225

Abstract

In order to study the initial soil corrosion behavior of Q235 steel and hot-dip galvanized steel， which are commonly used metallic materials for grounding grid equipment， in a brown loam soil environment， four soil corrosion experimental sites-both inside and outside of Dongjin and Qiaoying stations were chosen in the Xiangyang area of Hubei province.Macro-morphological analysis，micro-morphological analysis，corrosion product analysis and electrochemical testing were employed to analyze the specimens.The morphology analysis results showed that the surface of the carbon steel sample corroded for 1 a in the soil environment of Xiangyang was non-uniform corrosion with obvious pockmarked corrosion pits visible， while the galvanized steel material exhibited no obvious red rust without the obvious damage on the surface galvanized layer.The analysis of corrosion products showed that the brown soil in Xiangyang area was an alkaline soil with high moisture content.The main components of the rust layer on the surface of Q235 steel soil buried sample 1 a were iron oxides and trace amounts of SiO2， while the corrosion products on the surface of galvanized steel were mainly zinc oxides and trace amounts of SiO2.The correlation analysis between corrosion rate and soil physicochemical properties displayed that in the soil environment of Xiangyang， the corrosion rate of the two samples was positively correlated with soil physicochemical properties.Specifically， the soil pH value had the most significant impact on soil corrosion rate.The electrochemical results indicated that the galvanized layer on the surface of galvanized steel provided good protection for the substrate， and the corrosion current density of galvanized steel was 1～2 orders of magnitude lower than that of Q235 steel.Overall， galvanized steel materials exhibited superior corrosion resistance compared to Q235 steel materials in the brown soil environment of Xiangyang region.Notably，the pH of the local soil had a major impact on the galvanized steel material’s rate of corrosion in the soil.

Key words： Q235 steel; hot-dip galvanized steel; corrosion products; soil corrosion; electrochemical testing

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