为了进一步提高Fe-Cr-C 系堆焊合金的耐磨性，采用等离子粉末堆焊技术，通过调整堆焊合金粉体中硼铁粉的添加量，在Q235 钢表面制备不同B 含量的Fe-Cr-C 耐磨堆焊合金层，并采用X 射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱(EDS)及磨粒磨损试验等分析测试方法，探究B 添加量对Fe-Cr-C 系堆焊合金组织结构、物相组成及耐磨性的影响。 结果表明:当B 添加量(以硼铁粉计，下同)为0 时，堆焊合金的组织由树枝晶状Fe 和菊花状(Fe，Cr)7C3＋Fe 共晶组织组成。 随着B 添加量的增加，堆焊层中(Fe，Cr)7(C，B)3 硬质相的体积分数增加。(Fe，Cr)7(C，B)3相的析出量达到一定值后，初晶B0.7Fe3C0.3相生成。 当B 添加量为20.0%时，(Fe，Cr)2B 硬质相大量析出。 堆焊层的硬度整体呈现上升-陡降-上升的趋势，B-10 试样的硬度达到63.1 HRC。 磨粒磨损试验结果显示，堆焊合金层耐磨性呈现上升-平缓-上升的趋势，B-20 试样的耐磨性增至B-0 试样的2.8 倍。
In order to further improve the wear resistance of Fe-Cr-C surfacing alloy, Fe-Cr-C wear-resistant surfacing alloy layers with different B addition amounts were prepared on the surface of Q235 steel by adjusting the amount of ferroboron powder added to the surfacing alloy powder using plasma powder surfacing technology.The effects of B addition amount on the microstructure, phase composition and wear resistance of Fe-Cr-C surfacing alloy were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), abrasive wear tests and other analysis and testing methods.Results showed that when the addition amount of B was 0, the microstructure of the surfacing alloy was composed of dendritic Fe and chrysanthemum-like (Fe, Cr)7(C, B)3＋Fe eutectic structure.With the increase of B addition amount, the volume fraction of the (Fe, Cr)7(C, B)3 hard phase in the surfacing layer increased.After the precipitation amount of the (Fe, Cr)7(C, B)3 phase reached a certain value, the primary B0.7Fe3C0.3 phase was formed.When the B addition amount was 20.0%(mass fraction), a large amount of the (Fe, Cr)2 B hard phase was precipitated.The hardness of the surfacing layer showed an overall trend of rising-steep drop-rising, and the hardness of the B-10 sample reached 63.1 HRC.The results of the abrasive wear test showed that the wear resistance of the surfacing alloy layer exhibited an trend of upward-flat- upward, and the wear resistance of the B-20 sample increased to 2.8 times that of the B-0 sample.
