国内外航天器超黑消杂光涂层的研制现状及产业启示

张北, 张家强, 张东, 牛鎏

doi:10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2025.0003

材料保护 >

2025 , Vol. 58 >Issue 1: 31 - 39

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2025.0003

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国内外航天器超黑消杂光涂层的研制现状及产业启示

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¹北京卫星制造厂有限公司； ²中国空间技术研究院

张家强(1985－)，博士，高级工程师，主要研究方向为航天器表面工程，电话:18801465084，E-mail:jqzhangl＠163.com

收稿日期: 2024-05-17

修回日期: 2024-08-05

录用日期: 2024-08-06

网络出版日期: 2025-02-28

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Research Status and Industrial Enlightenment of Ultra-Black Coatings for Eliminating Stray Light in Spacecrafts at Home and Abroad

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(1.Beijing Spacecraft， Beijing 100083， China； 2.China Academy of Space Technology， Beijing 100083， China)

ZHANG Jiaqiang (1985－)， Ph.D.， Senior Engineer， Research Focus: Surface Engineering of Spacecraft， Tel.:18801465084， E-mail: jqzhangl＠163.com

Received date: 2024-05-17

Revised date: 2024-08-05

Accepted date: 2024-08-06

Online published: 2025-02-28

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摘要

在空间光学系统中，具有高吸收性能的超黑涂层是抑制光学杂散光、提高光学系统检测信噪比和成像质量的关键材料，被广泛应用于航天器星敏感器、空间相机等产品。目前国内外常用的消杂光涂层技术有阳极氧化、超黑Ni-P、碳纳米管、黑硅、黑漆等，本文对国内外航天器常用消杂光涂层技术以及研制进展进行系统综述，揭示了国内在高性能超黑涂层的工程应用方面仍与国外存在差距，提出应当进一步促进产学研一体化，推进产品的工程转化应用，同时进一步开展耐空间环境的高性能材料研究的发展思路，为我国航天器消杂光涂层研制及产业发展提供启示。

关键词： 超黑材料; 消杂光; 涂层; 航天器

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张北, 张家强, 张东, 牛鎏 . 国内外航天器超黑消杂光涂层的研制现状及产业启示[J]. 材料保护, 2025 , 58(1) : 31 -39 . DOI: 10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2025.0003

Abstract

In space optical systems， ultra-black coatings with high absorption performance are key materials for eliminating optical stray light，improving the signal-to-noise ratio and imaging quality of optical system detection，and are widely used in spacecraft star sensors，space cameras and other products.Currently， the commonly used stray-light-eliminating coating technologies at home and abroad include anodizing， ultrablack Ni-P， carbon nanotubes， black silicon， black paint， etc.This paper systematically reviewed the commonly used stray-light-eliminating coating technology and research progress of spacecraft at home and abroad， and revealed that there was still a gap between China and foreign countries in the engineering application of high-performance ultra-black coatings.The integration of industry， academia and research should be further promoted to propel the engineering transformation and application of products and carry out research on high-performance materials resistant to space environment.In general， this work provided the inspiration for the research and industrial development of stray-light-eliminating coatings for spacecraft in China.

Key words： ultra-black materials; eliminating stray light; coating; spacecrafts

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