In order to accurately predict the damage process of solid particle erosion in TC4 titanium alloy materials, explicit dynamic finite element analysis was employed. An elastoplastic finite element model was established to simulate the dynamic erosion process of multiple particles in a three-dimensional structure. This simulation incorporated the Johnson-Cook material model and the strain cumulative failure model. Results showed that the maximum plastic deformation occurred at the first collision and decreased with the increase of the number of collisions. The erosion angle and velocity significantly affected the contact time between the particles and the target surface, and the kinetic energy loss increased with an increase in the erosion velocity and angle. At low erosion angles, the dynamic erosion process exhibited multiple peaks and troughs in tangential and normal contact forces, with the erosion mechanism primarily involving plastic deformation and tangential shearing. At high erosion angles, spherical particles effectively simulated the shearing and compressive actions on the material during the erosion process. The effects of the incident angle and velocity on the continuous multi-particle erosion behavior were explained from a microscopic mechanism perspective, clarifying the dynamic erosion mechanisms and geometric evolution of erosion pits.