Laser Processing and Additive Manufacturing Technology Column

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Research Status and Application of Heterogeneous Atoms / Nanoparticles Doped Laser-Induced Graphene

WANG Yang, FAN Zeming, JIAO Lishi, WANG Bing

Materials Protection. 2023, 56(10): 1-16. https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2023.0231

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Owing to the unique lattice structure， graphene has very superior properties， but zero band gap has always restricted the development of graphene.Laser-induced graphene (LIG) technology can significantly enhance the performance of graphene，but LIG technology is still limited with small band gap， few capacitor sites and lamellar stacking problems.By doping LIG with heterogeneous atoms/nanoparticles， the microstructure， surface chemical activity and porosity of graphene can be regulated for improving the performance of LIG composite materials，which can provide the novel strategy of the development and application of LIG device.In this work， the doping systems of LIG in recent years were reviewed， and the effect of many heterogeneous atoms/nanoparticles doping on the structure and performance of LIG was analyzed.The characteristics of many LIG doping methods were expounded， and the application of doped LIG devices in various related fields was discussed，providing research ideas for developing artificial intelligence，energy storage and conversion，and health detection application devices by combining the characteristics of doped LIG with device performance.In the end， the LIG doped with heterogeneous atom/nanoparticles was summarized， and its development prospects were prospected.

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Research Status and Prospect of Femtosecond Laser Shock Peening Technology

WANG Zongshen, ZANG Tong, CHEN Lei, KONG Meng, ZHENG Hongyu

Materials Protection. 2023, 56(10): 17-24. https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2023.0232

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As a micro-scale surface strengthening technique，femtosecond laser shock peening has the advantages of low thermal effect，shallow impact depth， high energy efficiency and process flexibility， which makes its great application advantages in surface modification of micro structures with complicated shapes， surface micro shaping of macro components and micro shock forming.Herein the development history of femtosecond laser shock peening technology was summarized， and the influence rules and mechanisms of impact mode， laser parameters，additional energy fields and other factors on the strengthening effect were summarized.Moreover， the potential applications and development trends of femtosecond laser shock peening technology were prospected， which could provide necessary guidance and support to break through the key issues of femtosecond laser shock peening and promote the industrial application of technology.

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Research Progress on Effects of Laser Texture on Tribological Properties of Surface of Materials

SONG Xiaorui, LI Shuangjian, HOU Yuanyuan, BA Zhaowen, ZHENG Hongyu, LIU Mingming

Materials Protection. 2023, 56(10): 25-41. https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2023.0233

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Laser texture has been widely used in the fields of mechanical production， precision medical treatment， and material surface modification， because of its high precision， high speed， and low environmental pollution.Over the past 30 years， related researches have entered a stage of vigorous development， with the emergence of ultrafast laser texture technology.However， due to the wide variety of geometric topography and various arrangements and combinations，problems such as poor universality of parameter design in different materials still hinder the development of laser textured friction reduction research.Therefore， this work reviewed the development history of laser texture friction reduction researches from the aspects of geometrictopography， dimensional parameters， laser parameters， lubrication conditions， etc.The influences of the laser texture’s geometry topography， parameters and working conditions on the tribological properties were discussed， and the friction reduction mechanism of the laser texture under different lubrication conditions was summarized.Furthermore， the current problems of laser texturing technology were put forward， and its future development direction was prospected.

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Research Progress of Numerical Simulation of Laser Polishing on Materials’ Surface

XIE Songjing, WANG Liang, YAO Jianhua

Materials Protection. 2023, 56(10): 42-55. https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2023.0234

Abstract (348) Download PDF (126)

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Compared with traditional polishing technology，laser polishing technology has the characteristics of non-contact processing，high efficiency and no pollution.Its purpose is to improve the dimensional accuracy and geometric shape accuracy of processed workpieces and reduce the roughness of the material surface.Laser polishing is accompanied by physical processes such as heat and mass transfer， melt flow in the molten pool， and solidification.Due to the limitations of high temperature and instantaneous evolution of the molten pool，the numerical simulation technologies to simulate and analyze the heat transfer flow behavior and morphology evolution inside the molten pool have received widespread attention from domestic and foreign scholars.Herein this article reviewed the laser polishing mechanism， heat sources in laser polishing numerical simulation， and the research status and progress of metallic and non-metallic (such as semiconductors， ceramics， etc.) material polishing.At last， the future development of numerical simulation of laser polishing was prospected.

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Review of Research on Bionic Coatings Prepared by High-Energy Beams Cladding

SUN Boyang, LIU Minghui, ZHANG Shitao, PAN Zhengyang, JIANG Chunxia, LI Wenge, LIU Yanbo, ZHAO Yuantao

Materials Protection. 2023, 56(10): 56-66. https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2023.0235

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Bionic coatings with excellent properties such as wear resistance and corrosion resistance can be used in harsh environments such as marine， petroleum， and chemical industries.Hence， it is of great significance for the preparation of advanced bionic coatings to study the bionic structure of natural biological materials， preparation methods and quality control methods of bionic coatings.In this work， the research statuses of bionic coatings prepared by high-energy beam cladding technology were introduced from two aspects: the preparation of bionic coatings and the quality control of bionic coatings by high-energy beam cladding technology.In terms of preparing bionic coatings by high-energy beam cladding technology， according to the classification of different bionic mechanisms， the strengthening mechanism of bionic coatings and the research status of coatings using high-energy beam preparation methods were reviewed.In terms of quality control of bionic coatings， the role of process optimization and numerical simulation in the preparation process in regulating the performance of bionic coatings prepared by high-energy beam cladding technology was explained.Finally， the shortcomings in the current research were summarized， which could provide reference directions and prospects for subsequent researches.

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Machine Learning-Assisted Feature Prediction of Micro Pit Arrays in Femtosecond Laser Processing

WANG Zelin, WANG Bing, SONG Haiying, LIU Shibing

Materials Protection. 2023, 56(10): 67-73. https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2023.0236

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With the characteristics of wear resistance， corrosion resistance， improved biocompatibility and antibacterial properties， the micropits array structure has been widely used.femtosecond laser has unique advantages in high-quality micro pit processing， because of its unique ultra-fast processing effect.In this work， Random Forest Regression (RFR) algorithm and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm were applied to predict the geometry and quality of micro-pit arrays processed by femtosecond laser.Additionally， the effects of laser processing parameters on the diameter， depth and surface roughness (Ra) of micro-pits were analyzed.The predictive capabilities of the RFR and ANN models were evaluated through the root mean square error， coefficient of determination and mean absolute error.Results showed that the overall prediction accuracy of ANN model was slightly higher than RFR model.The R2 for ANN model was 0.81.For diameter， depth and surface roughness， the R2 was 0.67， 0.79 and 0.85， respectively.Data augmentation method was applied to augment the dataset， and the ANN model prediction accuracy was further improved after data augmentation.The overall R2 increased to 0.91.The R2 for diameter， depth and surface roughness was 0.81， 0.91 and 0.95， respectively.In general， the ANN model had better prediction performance than Random Forest in predicting micro pit arrays processed by femtosecond laser processing.As the amount of data increased， this advantage became more obvious， which further verified the potential of the ANN model.

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Study on Microstructure Characterization by Laser and CMT-P Arc Hybrid Additive Components

ZHANG Zhiqiang, LI Hanqian, HE Shiwei, LU Xuecheng, WANG Hao, ZHANG Tiangang

Materials Protection. 2023, 56(10): 78-82. https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2023.0237

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In order to clarify the microstructural characteristics of the aluminum alloy additive manufacturing process， the 2024 aluminum alloy commonly used in aircraft structures was used as the research object， and the 2024 high-strength aluminum alloy thin-walled components were successfully prepared using laser and CMT-P arc composite additive manufacturing technology.Using optical microscope，scanning electron microscope， electron probe and other characterization methods， the microstructural characteristics of different areas of the additive components were studied， and their influence law on the microhardness was explored.Results showed that owing to the unique thermal cycling characteristics of the additive manufacturing process， the thin-walled additive parts were formed by a layered structure with alternating three characteristic regions: melt pool boundary (MPB)， melt pool zone (MPZ)， and heat affected zone (HAZ).Among them， the microstructure of MPB was fine equiaxed crystals； the microstructure of MPZ was fine columnar crystals at the bottom， and coarse columnar crystals and equiaxed crystals in the upper part； the microstructure of HAZ was coarse equiaxed crystals.Moreover， the main precipitated phases inside the specimen were S phase (Al2CuMg) and θ phase (Al2Cu)， with the S phase mainly distributed at the intersection of grain boundaries and inside the grains， and θ phase mainly distributed at the grain boundaries.Besides， the microhardness of the interlaminar region inside the additive sample was lower than that of the base material， which might be mainly attributed to the presence of pores between the layers and the presence of more precipitated phases at the grain boundaries.

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