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Cold Spray Column
Editor: SUO Xinkun
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  • Pores in Cold Sprayed Deposits and Their Control Methods
    LIU Han - hui, REN Yu - peng, LI Tie - fan, CUI Xin - yu, WANG Ji - qiang, XIONG Tian - ying
    Materials Protection. 2022, 55(1): 1-21. https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2022.0001
    Abstract (101) Download PDF (42)   Knowledge map   Save
    The porosity of the cold sprayed deposits reflects the deformation degree of the sprayed particles and the bonding degree between them, which has an important influence on the deposit properties such as hardness, elastic modulus, friction and wear performance, corrosion resistance, fatigue property and so on. Hence, the porosity of deposits is very important for evaluating the comprehensive properties of deposits and optimizing the cold spraying process parameters, and it is one of the important indicators to evaluate the quality of deposits. Although previous review articles have summarized the influence of cold spraying process on the cold sprayed deposits performance, there were few review articles involving pores in cold sprayed deposits and their control methods. Referring to dozens of articles, this article aimed to review the formation of pores in cold sprayed deposits, the measurement methods, the influence factors and summarize the influence of porosity on the properties of deposits and the measures to reduce the porosity of deposits.
  • Microstructure and Fretting Wear Properties of CuNiIn Coating Prepared by Cold Spraying on Surface of TC4 Titanium Alloy
    LI Hai - sheng, LIU Kun, LI Wen - ya, WU Dong, YAN Hua
    Materials Protection. 2022, 55(1): 22-26. https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2022.0002
    Abstract (101) Download PDF (42)   Knowledge map   Save
    In order to promote the application of cold spray technology in the field of aviation protective coatings, this work prepared CuNiIn coating on surface of TC4 titanium alloy via cold spray with nitrogen technology. The macrostructure and microstructure, microhardness and fretting wear properties of the coating were analyzed by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, microhardness tester and fretting wear tester respectively. Results showed that the overall porosity of the coating was about 2.8%, and the closer to the substrate, the denser the coating. The microstructure of the coating was finer than that of the original powder. Moreover, the hardness value of the coating increased from the substrate to the surface along the thickness direction, which changed from 274 HV2 N of average hardness near the substrate to stable value of 300 HV2 N near the surface of the coating. When the fretting displacement was small, the coating failure mechanism was mainly adhesive wear, and the wear morphology was oval. When the fretting displacement was large, it was mainly abrasive wear, and the wear morphology was close to circular.
  • Investigation on the Marine Corrosion Resistance and Antifouling Properties of Aluminum / Silver Nanowire Composite Coatings Fabricated via Cold Spraying
    WANG Lin, WANG Xiao - xia, WANG Xin, WU Hong - yi, JIAN Hua, SUO Xin - kun
    Materials Protection. 2022, 55(1): 27-23. https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2022.0003
    Abstract (80) Download PDF (36)   Knowledge map   Save
    Corrosion and biofouling are the main problems of marine equipment during the long - term service process, which are considered as the focus and difficulty in the field of marine equipment protection. In this work, a new idea of preparing aluminum/silver nanowire composite particles by low - cost hydrothermal method and preparing aluminum/silver nanowire composite coating by using the low temperature characteristics of cold spraying was proposed. The dense composite coatings were constructed based on the design of composition and structures of the composite coatings. The corrosion resistance and biofouling properties of the composite coatings were evaluated by artificial seawater solution and Gram - positive Bacillus subtilis, respectively. Results showed that the corrosion resistance of the composite coatings was similar to that of the cold sprayed aluminum coatings, and the sterilization rate of the composite coatings was  This work could provide a new technical route for the preparation of marine anti - corrosion and antifouling coatings.
  • Research Progress in Metallic Coatings Prepared with the In - Situ Micro - Forging Assisted Cold Spraying
    ZHANG Wen - zheng, LUO Xiao - tao, LIU Qiao, Li Chang - jiu
    Materials Protection. 2022, 55(1): 34-43. https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2022.0004
    Abstract (80) Download PDF (41)   Knowledge map   Save
     In - situ densification of the sprayed coating layer was realized by mixing large size shot peening particles into spray powder, which could improve not only the strength of the deposits but also the bonding strength of the deposited coatings with the substrate through the hammering effect of shot peening particles on deposited coatings. In this paper, recent development of the in - situ micro - forging assisted cold spraying technology was summarized. Firstly, the working principle of this technology was briefly introduced, and the influence of parameters such as shot peening volume fraction and particle size was discussed. Secondly, the evolution of the microstructure of the coating was discussed, including its effects on interparticle bonding quality, plastic deformation degree and subsequent heat treatment on the microstructure. Then, the mechanical properties and corrosion protection performance were summarized. Finally, some important issues which needed further investigations were pointed out.
  • Preparation and Corrosion Resistance of Cold Sprayed Al - based Composite Coating
    CHEN Qin, YU Min, GE Jie - jie, CHEN Hui
    Materials Protection. 2022, 55(1): 44-49. https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2022.0005
    Abstract (109) Download PDF (45)   Knowledge map   Save
    Aluminum alloy is widely used for its light weight characteristic and excellent corrosion resistance. Cold spraying technology is one effective method to fabricate the Al anti - corrosive coatings owing to its high speed and low temperature deposition characterization. In this work, the aluminum powder was mixed with ceramic phase powder to prepare the composite powder by mechanical mixing, and Al5056/Al5056 - Al2O3/Al5056 - SiC/Al5056 - WC coatings were prepared by cold spraying on the Al1060 substrate. The porosity and content of the ceramic phase in the coating were studied through Image - Pro Plus software, and microhardness testing was carried out on the composite coatings. Meanwhile, the effects of ceramic types on the electrochemical properties of composite coatings were studied, and the corrosion resistance of the coating was analyzed in combination with the corrosion morphology. Results showed that the ceramic phase could be effectively deposited, but the self aggregation of ceramic particles during the spraying process affected the compaction of the coating. Besides, Al5056 and Al5056 - Al2O3 coatings exhibited high impedance modulus, but the self corrosion current density and corrosion rate of Al5056 - Al2O3 coatings were reduced by an order of magnitude compared with other coatings. Thus, the Al5056 - Al2O3 coating showed the best corrosion resistance performance.
  • Research Progress of Cold Spraying High - Entropy Alloys
    FAN Ning - song, JIN Bing - qian, ZHANG Nan - nan, XIE Ying - chun, YIN Shuo
    Materials Protection. 2022, 55(1): 50-57. https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2022.0006
    Abstract (105) Download PDF (36)   Knowledge map   Save
    High - entropy alloys are a kind of novel multi - principal component alloy that recently breaks through the design concept of traditional alloys, which were significantly superior to conventional metallic materials in compressive strength, hardness, thermal stability, wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Meanwhile, cold spray is a solid - state deposition technology, attracting great attention around the world in preparing high - performance coatings, repairing, and remanufacturing parts, and additive manufacturing parts and components, which could provide a new approach for preparing high - entropy alloys. In this work, by analyzing the research status of cold spraying high entropy alloy at home and abroad, the recent progress of cold spraying high - entropy alloys was reviewed from feedstock powders preparation, spraying process parameter optimization, microstructure and properties of coating, particle bonding mechanisms, and post - treatment processes. Besides, the future research direction of cold spraying high performance high - entropy alloys was also prospected.
  • Research Progress in Cold Spraying of Copper Coating
    YANG Jing - wen, LI Wen - ya, XING Ci - hao, YIN Shuo
    Materials Protection. 2022, 55(1): 58-70. https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2022.0007
    Abstract (229) Download PDF (69)   Knowledge map   Save
    Since cold spraying (CS) technology was discovered, it has shown prominent potential in fabricating compact metallic coatings. However, the coating performance cannot meet the needs of the industry in some cases. For this, in this article, with taking copper as an example, the technology and performance characteristics of cold sprayed copper coatings at home and abroad in recent years were reviewed. The effects of four post - treatment processes on the microstructure and properties of cold sprayed copper coatings were discussed, and the applications of cold sprayed copper coatings in main fields were given. Finally, the problems and solutions still existing in the preparation of copper by cold spraying were analyzed and prospected.
  • Deposition Characteristics of Al-Al2O3 Composite Coating Prepared by Low Pressure Cold Spraying at Different Carrier Gas Temperatures
    YANG Li - jing, FU Shun - ren, WANG Shao - peng, WANG Pei, WENG Zi - qing
    Materials Protection. 2022, 55(1): 71-77. https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2022.0008
    Abstract (122) Download PDF (32)   Knowledge map   Save
    At present, the research on low - pressure cold sprayed Al - Al2O3 composite coating mainly focused on the process and properties, and there was less research on the deposition characteristics and mechanism of particles. For this, the Al - Al2O3 composite coating was deposited by low pressure cold spraying technology (LPCS). The effects of different carrier gas temperatures on the deposition characteristics of the composite coating were studied. The thickness, surface morphology and microstructure of the composite coating were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and three - dimensional profiler. Results showed that the thicknesses of Al - Al2O3 composite coating prepared by LPCS at different carrier gas temperatures (300, 400, 500 and 600 ℃) were 213.34, 321.62, 920.64, 986.97 μm, respectively. The thickness of composite coating increased with the increase of carrier gas temperature. Especially when the carrier gas temperature of cold spraying increased from 400 ℃ to 500 ℃, the thickness of deposited coating was increases by 186.25%. The maximum height difference Hmax and roughness Ra of the composite coating surface increased with the increase of carrier gas temperature. When the carrier gas temperature was 400 ℃, the surface quality of the composite coating was the best. When the carrier gas temperature rose from 400 ℃ to 500 ℃, the increased amplitudes of Hmax and Ra were the largest, 72.68% and 52.22%, respectively. The surface quality of the composite coating decreased with the increase of carrier gas temperature. The flattening rate of deformed Al particles in the composite coating decreased with the increase of carrier gas temperature. Al particles in the composite coating gradually changed from flat shape with large plastic deformation (300 ℃) to ellipsoid shape with small plastic deformation (600 ℃). The sudden increase of deposition rate of Al - Al2O3 coating and the decrease of particle flattening rate with the increase of carrier gas temperature were attributed to thermal softening effect of Al particles.
  • Development of Metallic Glass Coatings Prepared by Cold Spraying
    SUN Cheng - chuan, ZHOU Xiang - lin, LU Jing, LIN Jian - peng
    Materials Protection. 2022, 55(1): 78-85. https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2022.0009
    Abstract (64) Download PDF (31)   Knowledge map   Save
    This work reviewed the research on cold sprayed metallic glass coatings in recent years, summarized the effect of spraying process parameters on the preparation of Fe - based, Al - based, Cu - based, and Ni - based metallic glass coatings. Meanwhile, the crystallization and the deposition mechanism of metallic glass coatings were elaborated, and the properties of coatings were concluded from aspects of hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Finally, the development trend of cold spraying technology in the preparation of metallic glass was prospected.
  • Research Progress of Cold Spray and Its Application in Ship and Warship Fields
    XU Kang - wei, LUO Xiao - tao, WU Xiao - yu, XIE Shu - feng, HUANG Lei, SU Yao, TIAN Jia - jia
    Materials Protection. 2022, 55(1): 86-94. https://doi.org/10.16577/j.issn.1001-1560.2022.0010
    Abstract (104) Download PDF (43)   Knowledge map   Save
    Cold spray, as a low - temperature solid - state forming technology, has a series of advantages over other deposition methods, such as little heat influence towards substrate, minimized particle oxidation, and high deposition efficiency, and therefore it has been widely used for metallic protective coating fabrication, component repair and additive manufacturing. In this work, the characteristics of cold spray were firstly demonstrated from three aspects including cold spraying system, materials, and process. Next, the research progress of cold spraying technology on powder materials design, coating bonding mechanism, and coating microstructure and performance control in recent years were presented. Then, the application of cold spraying technology in the field of foreign naval ships and warships was described in detail. Finally, the research and application of cold spraying technology in the field of naval ships and warships in China were briefly described, and its future development direction was prospected in order to improve the corrosion protection and maintenance support ability of naval ships and warships equipment in China.
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